A sustained recovery that will moderate

B1

LOW RISK for entreprise

  • Economic risk

  • Business environment risk

  • Political risk

  • Commercial risk

  • Financing risk

  • Economic risk

  • Business environment risk

  • Political risk

  • Commercial risk

  • Financing risk

Last updated in May 2023.

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GDP USD1186.09bn (World ranking 16, World Bank 2021)
Population 273.75mn (World ranking 4, World Bank 2021)
Form of state Republic
Head of government Joko WIDODO (President)
Next elections February 2024, General elections (legislative, presidential, local)
  • Abundant natural resources (coal, petroleum, and copper ore along with agriculture)
  • Resilient banking system owing to relatively high capital adequacy ratio and low level of NPLs
  • Favorable demographics: large and young population as well as growing middle class
  • Solid public finances and sound fiscal policies
  • Weak legal system
  • Inefficient tax administration and strong informal economy
  • Growth dependent on raw commodity exports, especially to the slowing Chinese economy
  • Serious infrastructure gap compared to regional peers
  • Increasing inequality poses a threat to social cohesion and inclusive economic growth
  • Low levels of educational spending

Trade structure by destination/origin

(% of total, 2021)

Exports Rank Imports
China 23.2%
1
29.9% China
United States 11.2%
2
10.2% Singapore
Japan 7.7%
3
7.1% Japan
India 5.7%
4
5.3% United States
Malaysia 5.2%
5
4.8% Malaysia

Trade structure by product

(% of total, 2021)

Exports Rank Imports
Coal, coke and briquettes 13.6%
1
11.7% Petroleum, petroleum products and related materials
Fixed vegetable oils and fats, crude, refined or fractionated 12.8%
2
6.0% Electrical machinery, apparatus and appliances, n.e.s.
Iron and steel 9.2%
3
5.9% Iron and steel
Metalliferous ores and metal scrap 4.1%
4
5.3% Other industrial machinery and parts
Articles of apparel & clothing accessories 4.0%
5
4.2% Office machines and automatic data processing machines
The Allianz Trade Collection Complexity Score provides a simple assessment of how easy it is to collect debt around the world. The 2022 edition covers 49 countries that represent nearly 90% of global GDP and 85% of global trade.
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