Sturdy fundamentals, political headwinds

B2

MEDIUM RISK for enterprise

  • Economic risk

  • Business environment risk

  • Political risk

  • Commercial risk

  • Financing risk

  • Economic risk

  • Business environment risk

  • Political risk

  • Commercial risk

  • Financing risk

Updated in January 2024.

Swipe to view more

GDP
USD242.6bn (World ranking 52, World Bank 2022)
Population
34.1 mn (World ranking 44, World Bank 2022)
Form of state Constitutional Republic
Head of government Dina Boluarte (President)
Next elections 2026, presidential and legislative
  • Natural resource rich (minerals: copper, silver, gold, zinc, energy, and fishing)
  • Track record of strong macroeconomic policy framework and independence of the central bank
  • Low levels of public debt
  • Strong international reserves and contained external debt
  • Membership of the Pacific Alliance and Andean Community
  • Vulnerability to climatic shocks
  • Strong dependence on Chinese demand and commodity exports
  • Highly skewed income distribution and high poverty levels
  • Dollarization of the financial system
  • Poor governance indicators

Trade structure by destination/origin

(% of total, annual 2022)

Exports Rank Imports
China 32.5%
1
23.6% United States
United States 12.5%
2
15.8% China
Japan 5.1%
3
5.9% Argentina
Korea, Republic of 5.1%
4
5.5% Brazil
India 4.7%
5
5.1% Mexico

Trade structure by product

(% of total, annual 2022)

Exports Rank Imports
Metalliferous ores and metal scrap 36.5%
1
17.1% Petroleum, petroleum products and related materials
Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) 13.4%
2
7.4% Road vehicles
Vegetables and fruits 9.4%
3
5.6% Cereals and cereal preparations
Non-ferrous metals 8.1%
4
4.8% Iron and steel
Gas, natural and manufactured 6.8%
5
4.3% Other industrial machinery and parts
Popular Risk Reports: Americas

Popular Risk Reports: Europe

Popular Risk Reports: Asia Pacific

Popular Risk Reports: Middle East

Popular Risk Reports: Africa