Skyrocketing prices weigh on the outlook
AA1
LOW RISK for enterprise
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Economic risk
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Business environment risk
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Political risk
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Commercial risk
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Financing risk
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Economic risk
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Business environment risk
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Political risk
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Commercial risk
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Financing risk
Updated in October 2022.
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GDP | USD1018bn (World ranking 17, World Bank 2021) |
Population | 17.5mn (World ranking 67, World Bank 2021) |
Form of state | Constitutional Monarchy |
Head of government | Mark RUTTE (PM) |
Next elections |
2025, General election |

- Favorable business environment
- Key trade hub in Europe
- Among the largest exporters of crude oil in the world, and the second-largest producer and exporter of natural gas in Europe
- High current account surplus
- Sound public finances
- Healthy banking sector

- High private debt, with corporate debt being the 3rd highest in the Eurozone
- Very high dependency on the Eurozone economic cycle
- High exposure to a hard Brexit
Trade structure by destination/origin
(% of total, 2021)
Exports | Rank | Imports |
---|---|---|
Germany
23.9%
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1 |
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Belgium
11.9%
![]() |
2 |
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France
9.0%
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3 |
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United Kingdom
6.1%
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4 |
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United States
4.9%
![]() |
5 |
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Trade structure by product
(% of total, 2021)
Exports | Rank | Imports |
---|---|---|
Petroleum, petroleum products and related materials
9.8%
|
1 |
12.3%
Petroleum, petroleum products and related materials
|
Medicinal and pharmaceutical products
6.0%
|
2 |
7.5%
Electrical machinery, apparatus and appliances, n.e.s.
|
Electrical machinery, apparatus and appliances, n.e.s.
5.5%
|
3 |
6.0%
Office machines and automatic data processing machines
|
Specialised machinery
4.9%
|
4 |
5.3%
Telecommunication and sound recording apparatus
|
Office machines and automatic data processing machines
4.5%
|
5 |
4.7%
Road vehicles
|
Collection Complexity
The Allianz Trade Collection Complexity Score provides a simple assessment of how easy it is to collect debt around the world. The 2022 edition covers 49 countries that represent nearly 90% of global GDP and 85% of global trade.
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