Growth overperformance to stay

A1

LOW RISK for enterprise

  • Economic risk

  • Business environment risk

  • Political risk

  • Commercial risk

  • Financing risk

  • Economic risk

  • Business environment risk

  • Political risk

  • Commercial risk

  • Financing risk

Updated in January 2025.

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GDP
USD1397.5bn (World ranking 15, World Bank 2022)
Population
47,6mn (World ranking 30, World Bank 2022)
Form of state Parliamentary monarchy
Head of government Pedro Sánchez
Next elections General elections, 2027
  • Very strong post-pandemic economic performance
  • Improving labor market, which benefits from a large inflow of migrants
  • Presence of large international companies
  • Improved fiscal metrics
  • Bridge between Latin America and the rest of the world
  • Still high public debt (>100% of GDP) and high private debt
  • High unemployment rate compared to its European peers despite progress
  • Need of further structural reform on education and training
  • Fragmented political landscape, internal tensions over sovereignty issues (Catalonia)
  • High dependence on tourism
(% of total, 2023)
(% of total, annual 2023)