Updated in January 2023.
Economic transition or more of the same?
C3
SENSITIVE RISK for entreprise
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Economic risk
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Business environment risk
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Political risk
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Commercial risk
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Financing risk
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Economic risk
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Business environment risk
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Political risk
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Commercial risk
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Financing risk
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GDP | USD 167.89 bn (World ranking 57, World Bank 2021) |
Population | 44.62mn (World ranking 34, World Bank 2021) |
Form of state | Presidential Republic |
Head of state | Abdelmadjid Tebboune (President) |
Next elections |
2024, presidential |

- Second-largest producer of crude oil in Africa (after Nigeria), with relatively stable extractive environment
- Top natural gas producer in Africa and second-largest in the region (after Nigeria), with reserves estimated to last 28 years at current rates of extraction
- Potential for renewable solar energy production and mining
- Large foreign exchange reserves and low levels of external debt mitigate external liquidity tensions

- Oil and gas production is on a declining path, while installations are vulnerable to localized attacks by terrorist groups
- Significant political and social risk, with a divided society and recent diplomatic tensions with European partners that could have an impact on trade
- High unemployment (especially youth) and lack of economic diversification, with oil and gas accounting for 96% of exports
- The banking sector remains dominated by state-owned institutions, which are required to finance the state budget and may create contingent liabilities
Trade structure by destination/origin
(% of total, annual 2021)
Exports | Rank | Imports |
---|---|---|
Italy
18.6%
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1 |
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Spain
15.8%
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2 |
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France
9.8%
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3 |
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Netherlands
8.6%
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4 |
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United States of America
8.5%
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5 |
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Trade structure by product
(% of total, annual 2021)
Exports | Rank | Imports |
---|---|---|
Gas, natural and manufactured
51.7%
|
1 |
11.7%
Road vehicles
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Petroleum, petroleum products and related materials
42.2%
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2 |
6.7%
Iron and steel
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Inorganic chemicals
3.9%
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3 |
6.7%
Cereals and cereal preparations
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Fertilizers other than group 272
0.8%
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4 |
6.5%
Other industrial machinery and parts
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Sugar, sugar preparations and honey
0.4%
|
5 |
5.2%
Electrical machinery, apparatus and appliances, n.e.s.
|
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