Only way forward is up

C4

HIGH RISK for entreprise

  • Economic risk

  • Business environment risk

  • Political risk

  • Commercial risk

  • Financing risk

  • Economic risk

  • Business environment risk

  • Political risk

  • Commercial risk

  • Financing risk

Last updated in May 2023.

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GDP USD77.59bn ( World ranking 72, World Bank 2021)
Population 31.73mn (World ranking 47, World Bank 2021)
Form of state Constitutional Democracy
Head of state Nana Akufo-Addo (President)
Next elections 2024, presidential and legislative
  • Established track record of good governance, with a functioning democratic system and peaceful transfer of power among political parties.
  • Natural resource base (cocoa, gold, forestry etc.) now supplemented by discovery of commercially-exploitable oil reserves – output from 2011.
  • Strong GDP growth in recent years, even with a downturn in 2014-15.
  • Market-oriented policy framework.
  • Positive relations with the IFIs.
  • Continuing twin deficits (fiscal and current account) require careful management.
  • While some safeguards are established, the ability and capacity to manage oil wealth is yet to be improved.
  • High exposure to sell-off pressures in emerging economies. There is therefore periodic risk of currency depreciation, FX reserve depletion and capital flight.
  • Regional instability and uncertainties, including in Burkina Faso, Nigeria and Mali.

Trade structure by destination/origin

(% of total, 2021)

Exports Rank Imports
Switzerland 14.8%
1
25.8% China
China 13.3%
2
7.5% Nigeria
South Africa 10.8%
3
6.8% United States of America
India 8.9%
4
4.7% India
United Arab Emirates 8.5%
5
4.4% United Kingdom

Trade structure by product

(% of total, 2021)

Exports Rank Imports
Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) 36.2%
1
9.8% Road vehicles
Petroleum, petroleum products and related materials 29.7%
2
7.1% Manufactures of metal, n.e.s.
Coffee, tea, cocoa, spices, and manufactures thereof 15.8%
3
5.7% Cereals and cereal preparations
Metalliferous ores and metal scrap 3.3%
4
4.7% Iron and steel
Vegetables and fruits 3.1%
5
4.5% Other industrial machinery and parts
Popular Risk Reports: Americas

Popular Risk Reports: Europe

Popular Risk Reports: Asia Pacific

Popular Risk Reports: Middle East

Popular Risk Reports: Africa