Ukraine

HIGH RISK for enterprise

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GDP	USD155.58bn (World ranking 54, World Bank 2020)
Population	44.35mn (World ranking 33, World Bank 2020)
Form of state	Republic
Head of government	Volodymyr ZELENSKY (President)
Next elections	2024, presidential and legislative

Fertile black soil
Willingness of International Financial Institutions and bilateral donors to support Ukraine financially

Severe conflicts with separatists in east Ukraine ...
... and with Russia (which supports the separatists)
History of political instability and government inefficiency; weak constitutional framework
High economic dependence on Russia (major trading partner, in particular natural gas supplier)
Poor economic policy track record
Exchange rate vulnerability
Modest foreign exchange reserves, implying significant transfer and convertibility risk
High public and external debt levels
A generally weak business environment

Trade structure by destination/origin

(% of total, 2020)

(% of total, 2020)

Exports	Rank	Imports
Cereals and cereal preparations 19.8%	1	9.6% Road vehicles
Iron and steel 16.7%	2	7.6% Petroleum, petroleum products and related materials
Fixed vegetable oils and fats, crude, refined or fractionated 11.5%	3	6.9% Electrical machinery, apparatus and appliances, n.e.s.
Metalliferous ores and metal scrap 10.0%	4	4.9% Medicinal and pharmaceutical products
Electrical machinery, apparatus and appliances, n.e.s. 4.8%	5	4.4% Other industrial machinery and parts